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Library's collection Library's IT development CancelAccording to de Jong, stereotypes of Madurese are bad-tempered, rough,
and impolite. Meanwhile, Mulder suggests that Javanese are refined, humble, but
indirect. In addition, Hariyono states that Chinese Indonesians are hardworking,
wealthy, but proud and intolerant. These developing stereotypes, in fact, have
been patterned in people's minds. This study, therefore, attempts to find out
whether the people's general assumptions of Madurese, Javanese, and Chinese
Indonesian stereotypes suit the listeners' opinions. This study proves that there is
a link between attitude and language. The findings show twenty seven out of
thirty six listeners (75%) are able to identify the unseen speakers' ethnicity from
the languages the speaker use. In addition, this study is intended to analyze the
listeners' attitudes toward the unseen speakers of Madurese, Javanese, and
Chinese Indonesian in Surabaya based on ethnic group and educational level
differences as well to reveal the important factors that may influence the listeners
in evaluating the unseen speakers. In relation to the analysis, Holmes's pattern of
questionnaire is used, however, it has been modified by the writer in order to
facilitate the listeners in giving answers concerning their attitudes toward certain
unseen speakers. The findings show that the Javanese and Chinese Indonesian
listeners consider the Madurese to be bad-tempered, rough, irritable, frank,
dishonest, loyal, unsociable, tolerant, polite, discriminating, unambitious,
hardworking, less educated, and poor. In contrast, the Madurese listeners view
themselves to be good-tempered, refined, patient, humble, frank, responsible,
loyal, sociable, tolerant, polite, indiscriminate, and generous. Meanwhile, the
Madurese listeners regard the Javanese as good-tempered, refined, humble,
honest, responsible, sociable, tolerant, polite, indiscriminate, but lazy. The
Chinese Indonesians, on the other hand, claim that the Javanese is indirect,
irresponsible, unambitious, lazy, extravagant, but tolerant. The Javanese listeners'
attitudes toward the Javanese, then, are more or less the same as those of the
Madurese listeners, however, they admit that the Javanese is extravagant as well
as generous. Finally, the findings of listeners' attitudes toward the Chinese
Indonesian speaker, in fact, are very surprising. All of the listeners of Madurese,
Javanese, and Chinese Indonesian themselves, consider the Chinese Indonesian to
be good-tempered, responsible, ambitious, hardworking, competitive, better
educated, wealthy, and economical. In addition, the Madurese listeners consider
the Chinese Indonesian as irritable but polite, while the Javanese listeners regard
the Chinese Indonesian patient, however, he is proud and discriminating. Similar
to the Javanese listeners, the Chinese Indonesians feel that the Chinese Indonesian
is patient, but proud and intolerant. From the findings above, it can be concluded
that people's general assumptions of Madurese, Javanese, and Chinese Indonesian
stereotypes do not always conform with the perceptions of the respondents in this
study. As a matter of fact, educational and environmental factors influence the
listeners in evaluating the unseen speakers. The findings show that the less
educated class and the better-educated class, to some extent, differ in evaluating
the unseen speakers.